Which of the following is NOT a common type of operational risk identified in Module 3?

Market volatility is primarily considered a financial risk rather than an operational risk. Operational risks are those that arise from the internal processes, people, and systems of an organization, or from external events. In contrast, market volatility pertains to the fluctuations in market prices and returns, which can affect the financial conditions of a company but do not directly involve the operational functions of the organization.

Process failure, human error, and system failures all fall within the realm of operational risk. These types of risks stem from issues such as inadequate or failed internal processes (process failure), mistakes made by employees (human error), and problems with technology or infrastructure (system failures). Each of these can lead to significant disruptions or losses for an organization, highlighting the internal vulnerabilities that operational risk focuses on.